The European University Alliance for Global Health

From 27-29 March 2023, Transmissible participated in a seminar at the Paris Saclay University under the European University Alliance for Global Health (EUGLOH) network to present the experience in reaching out to healthcare workers with Learning Games and Public Health Storytelling. We joined the seminar organizers in writing an article about "New pedagogical Tools for Vaccine Education", published this week in BMC Medical Education. Below is an excerpt.

HC professionals take an important position among influencers in the vaccine decision making pathway. They are considered trustworthy information sources by parents and can, therefore, be strong influencers. Some feel ill-equipped to engage in conversation around hesitancy. If they are hesitant themselves, this impacts their patients. The evidence regarding risks and benefits of vaccination is often embedded in technical, complex language.

HC professionals and health policymakers may find it hard to detect the stories behind the evidence that are easier to grasp and worth sharing with parents. Providing professionals with storytelling techniques expands their communication toolset. An example of this can be found in “Perspectives on Vaccination”, a thematic overview of evidence and key points from peer-reviewed publications on vaccination, intertwined with a comic book narrative of a group of gardeners aiming to keep their gardens healthy. For each of the 26 main themes around vaccination, the illustrated story provides the reader with a 1-page analogy of the relevant technical concepts that may help communicate such evidence to non-specialized target groups.

It is essential for HC students to understand the complex landscape surrounding vaccination, which involves a broad array of professional stakeholders, including ministries, national institutes, medical associations, HC managers, regulators, manufacturers, media, and patient organizations. To ensure the successful implementation of vaccination programmes, it is critical for these entities to collaborate effectively. HC students should also be aware of the importance of being intimately familiar with the various positions and dilemmas related to vaccination policy among these stakeholders. They should be trained to listen and understand why people resist vaccination, not just how to encourage them to vaccinate. This type of learning is expected to develop advanced communication skills and interpersonal empathy, which enhance HC students' ability to connect with people across a range of vaccine practices and viewpoints.

The Vaccination Policy Dilemma Game “Play your Part” brings stakeholders together to simulate policy choices in vaccination. The game mechanics simulate how different policy proposals might influence the Key Performance Indicators of the WHO Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011–2020.
Students aim to become the health professionals of the future. Challenging their creative thinking about dealing with the complexity of hesitancy and the stakeholders in that field may be achieved by learning games in the curriculum as seen on other health issues, such as the Collaborative Epidemic Response Game FluFightersTM that is embedded in the curriculum of medical students at several Dutch, British and Austrian universities since 2018.

The Thalidomide Case

From Molecule to Drug

Ankara Pilot Course Successful


Transmissible, as a member of the larger project Consortium led by Ankara University, recently participated in a collaborative workshop in Ankara, Turkey. The workshop aimed to pilot an educational program covering various stages of pharmaceutical development, from molecule discovery to drug production. It provided a platform for professionals from diverse backgrounds, including chemists, bioinformaticians, biologists, pharmacologists, entrepreneurs, clinicians, and regulatory agents, to share knowledge and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of drug creation. Transmissible's role is to develop creative training materials and organise two project meetings. Among the materials that Transmissible develops are an educational comic book, the project website and an e-course.

The workshop, titled "A Journey Through the Pipeline into a New Drug," was developed over the past year as part of an Erasmus+ project. It aimed to integrate all critical aspects of drug creation into educational experiences. The feedback from the pilot workshop was overwhelmingly positive, indicating significant progress in participants' understanding, as evidenced by pre- and post-activity tests, course assessments, and feedback. With the support of the European Union and the Turkish National Agency, the project is moving closer to realizing its vision. More information about the project can be found on the Erasmus+ project website.

Transmissible joins HBV-HCV Consortium

On 9 November 2022, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) published the call for tender “Sentinel surveillance for hepatitis B and C”. A Consortium led by Epiconcept, France, and including the partners from the Croatian Institute of Public Health (CIPH), (Croatia), National Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Romania, and Transmissible (Netherlands) submitted a successful proposal.

Transmissible's responsibility will be to design the training activities for this project. The framework contract for the “Sentinel surveillance for hepatitis B and C” was signed on 14 July 2023 and the first specific contract was signed on 24 October, 2023 and will end by 31 March 2024, a total of just over five months.

Get Ready for Battle: Healing Blade: Defenders of Soma - Riveting Second Edition Now Live!

Hello, fellow gamers and enthusiasts!

We are beyond thrilled to announce the arrival of the newest gem in our webshop: the second edition of the riveting card battle game - "Healing Blade: Defenders of Soma", designed by the brilliant minds at NerdCore Medical.

Set in the mystic world of Soma, the game presents a riveting tale of conflict and resilience. The land is under a catastrophic siege by the vile Lords of Pestilence, dreadful beings embodying the likes of Anthrax, Pertussis, Cholera, and the Black Death. These malevolent invaders are attempting to annihilate the innocent inhabitants of Soma.

But despair not! The people of Soma are not unguarded. The Apothecary Healers, their messianic saviours, rise to defend their homeland. Commanded by the venerable warriors Penicillin, Cipro, and Tetracycline, the Healers tirelessly engage in combat, repelling wave after wave of relentless attackers. Each Apothecary Healer carries a unique speciality that requires thoughtful and strategic deployment.

However, the task is not easy; the invaders are cunning and evolve quickly to resist the Apothecary powers. Struck down, some of them return even more powerful.

About the game

Defenders of Soma is a unique blend of fantasy and reality, designed to emulate the real-world struggle against infectious diseases and bacterial resistance. In this two-player card game, one player sends out the Lords of Pestilence to attack the innocent villagers, while the other defends with the Apothecary Healers. The game's dynamics mirror the escalating challenges of antibiotic use against the world's most common and dreaded bacterial infections today.

Created by a collaboration of hardcore gamers and practising physicians, this game doesn't merely provide a complex strategic gameplay experience. It subtly educates players about the urgency of today’s medical predicaments, particularly the growing issue of antibiotic resistance.

Now, onto the exciting part! The second edition of Defenders of Soma is now available! This version features an updated set of antibiotics, aligning with the US-FDA standards 2021. It also includes an extended collection of villager cards for a more immersive experience.

Get your copy now

Healing Blade: Defenders of Soma, brought to you by NerdCore Medical, is now distributed in the Netherlands by Transmissible. Check out our webshop. To get a feel for the game, you can watch the 2017 Transmissible Briefs episode below, explaining the game in-depth

Let's brace ourselves to join the Apothecary Healers in their noble cause. So, gear up for a gaming experience like no other, and together, let's save the world of Soma from the dreaded Lords of Pestilence.

Visit our webshop now, and let the battle begin!

The Revamped FEMWiki: Your Ultimate Guide to Field Epidemiology

Exciting news for field epidemiology enthusiasts! The ultimate online resource, FEMWiki, is back and better than ever! Transmissible has breathed new life into the comprehensive Field Epidemiology Manual in Wiki format, and it's now available for you to explore and expand your knowledge in this crucial field.

Originally crafted by the supervisors and scientific coordinators of the European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), FEMWiki was first published in 2007 under a Creative Commons License. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) commissioned the development of this interactive platform to the innovative City eHealth Research Centre (CeRC - City University, London). Between 2007 and 2016, the FEMWIKI community grew, wrote new content, and added curricular tools, including MS PowerPoint lectures.

After migrating to a Microsoft SharePoint wiki in 2017, the ECDC eventually discontinued the interactive project in 2022, converting all its content into a single large PDF. But the story doesn't end there!

Arnold Bosman, one of the original FEMWiki developers, was determined to revitalize FEMWiki and uphold its Creative Commons License; he brought the interactive repository back to life through Transmissible.

We're thrilled to announce that on April 1st, www.femwiki.org was re-launched. As of April 18, 2023, the entire contents of the original FEMWiki platform are once again accessible to the global community of field epidemiologists.

Don't miss out on this invaluable resource! Whether you're a seasoned expert or just starting your journey into field epidemiology, FEMWiki offers a wealth of information on methods, principles, and best practices. Join us in celebrating the return of this vital tool and take advantage of the opportunity to deepen your understanding and expertise in the field of epidemiology.

Discover the revamped FEMWiki now at www.femwiki.org and become part of the growing community dedicated to advancing field epidemiology. Together, we can make a difference in public health and disease prevention worldwide.

SO HRMO!

In this game, the players face unusual infections with particularly resistant microorganisms (HRMO) in a nursing home.

How do you detect an unusual number of BRMO infections, and what role does the resistance mechanism play? What measures are taken at the patient and institutional levels? And how do you discuss the different roles within the outbreak team?

SO BRMO can be played with geriatric specialists (SO), but also well with the members of the infection prevention committee. SO BRMO is a scenario game. The game is a tool to reflect as a team on the specific challenges that scenarios in which BRMO play the leading role entail. Explore relevant challenges and perspectives together!

Information about the game:

Game time: 60 minutes
Number of players: 4-6
Guided Play: Yes

This game can be ordered at our webshop.

(C) Copyright Pandemos BV - 2023

Board Game Strengthens Antibiotic Awareness

Knowledge about antibiotic resistance and infection prevention is essential in the fight against ABR. So get started with infection prevention in different scenarios! The games Resistance and SO BRMO are specially made for this. It is a fun way of learning, and the increased knowledge improves insight into specific antibiotic resistance challenges.

Resistance

In this board game, a team of healthcare professionals (the players) takes on highly resistant micro-organisms (HRMO). The game takes place in a ward in a nursing home. Several consecutive infections have been discovered in this department. Is there an epidemic? How does HRMO spread? What actions should be taken to stop the spread? The players work together to answer these questions. This is done in three stages:

The first discovery of infections caused by HRMOs.
Research into the transmission route of HRMOs.
They are reporting an unusual number of infections, who are reporting what?
The game master manages the game. The players analyze and discuss the situation in each phase from their role in the department. National protocols, department protocols, medical devices and the division of a department are discussed. The rounding-off takes place based on a point count of the number of infections that can be traced. Whoever can explain the most infections wins. Do you manage to explain most of the infections, or will the HRMOs continue to spread? Watch the explainer video of the game.

Information about the game:

Game time 30 min.
Game Guidance: Yes
Number of players 6-8
Players: healthcare professionals working in nursing homes, small-scale living and institutions for people with an intellectual disability.

The game is currently available in Dutch and can be ordered via the webshop.

(C) Copyright Pandemos BV - 2023

FluFighters™ at University College London

We took the train from Houten (NL) to London (UK) to play FluFighters™ with the Global Digital Health students at UCL. This Outbreak Learning Game lets students step into the shoes of epidemic responders at different levels. The scenario is set in the Netherlands, though the narrative was translated into English. The story starts with an unusually severe Influenza outbreak at an elementary school in the center of the Netherlands. The players are local outbreak investigators and have to make smart choices. They must ask the right questions to figure out what is going on and who is most at risk. And they discover the challenges of getting the right resources together to enable the investigation.

Group of students playing the FluFighter card game

The game is collaborative, so players have to make all decisions together. But the clock ticks, as it does in real life when an outbreak hits a population.

Once the players have determined the most important questions to investigate, they must gather the necessary resources in time to allow the investigation to take off.

FluFighters™ was developed by Transmissible and Grumpy Owl Games and is distributed through Pandemos.

Can you count to 386…?

That’s how many multidisciplinary experts we have from 112 countries & territories on the @Nature global #COVIDconsensus which I am proud to announce that I am a part of. This paper focuses on how to end the #COVID19 pandemic as a public health threat, and officially launched TODAY at https://go.nature.com/3NtcfCM!

Specific actions are required to end #COVID19 as a public health threat & our new #COVIDconsensus paper provides actionable recommendations with a whole-of-society and whole-of-government approach to make that possible in the months, not years, to come.

As a result of the large number of experts, wide geographical representation & Delphi study design, this may prove to be a model for developing responses to future global health emergencies. https://go.nature.com/3NtcfCM!

Transmissible Director co-authors  COVID-19 vaccine safety study

Arnold Bosman, M.D., participated in the observational study published in Frontiers in Public Health showing low rates of reported severe adverse events after immunization

Selangor Public Health Advisory Council Visit

Transmissible hosted the Selangor Public Health Advisory Council Visit on Friday, 14 October 2022, at our office in Houten.

Step into my Shoes- An Exciting Simulation Game

Arnold Bosman moderated the Pandemos game 'Step into my shoes at the European Health Forum Conference in Gastein, 2022. MSD and ESIP organised the session.

"This was indeed a very interesting game!"
(Dimitra Pantelli, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies)

Health Managers and Gaming: Stakeholders put Spotlight on Ecosystem

At the European Health Managers Association (EHMA) Conference in Brussels, it was all about Health Managers and Gaming. Commissioned by MSD / Sanofi, Transmissible supported Pandemos to moderate a Vaccination Stakeholder Engagement Game at the EHMA Conference in Brussels.

Health Managers and Gaming

Pandemos developed the Vaccination Ecosystem game to engage stakeholders in an interactive debate about the European Vaccination Action Plan. Ten stakeholders each receive a specific assignment to take actions that will improve two Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of the Vaccination Ecosystem. The more support their chosen action receives from other stakeholders, the more effective it will have. However, different stakeholders will focus on different KPIs, so you need to choose well.

Five players form one stakeholder team: the Ministry of Health, Regulators, Vaccine Manufacturers, Health Care Professionals, EU Agencies, Media, Procurement Bodies, NITAG, Civil Societies and R&D Partners. And once the actions are implemented, the Ecosystem changes. And though an action may promote some KPI, it will undermine others. So, all stakeholders must work together to identify the best actions to heal the Ecosystem again.

Curious? Check out the Pandemos website.

Webinar on field epidemiology

Ashis Brahma hosts a weekly webinar on the topic "Good care in healthcare and public health". Recently, he interviewed Arnold Bosman of Transmissible on the topics of Field Epidemiology, Trans-Disciplinary work, and Creativity. View this, and more interviews on Crowdale.com.

Ashis and Arnold speak Dutch (so, be warned)

Ashis Brahma interviews Arnold Bosman, 9 May 2022, on Crowdale.com

New Field Epidemiology Competencies - the ultimate guide

ECDC publishes revised Epidemiology Competencies.

On April 8, 2022, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) published the revised  Competency Framework for Public Health Epidemiology. Transmissible participated in this revision process. The Association of Schools for Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER) led the revision process.

Lastly, based on this work, ECDC developed a self-assessment tool for these competencies in their EVA platform.

Why is this impactful? What is at stake? Firstly, competency frameworks are essential for the harmonization of public health capacities between countries. Next, these frameworks provide valuable guidance for future curricula of educational institutions. Lastly, they offer a repository of functional descriptions that can be used for job profiles and performance monitoring.

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control expressed appreciation to the team involved in this revision.

I take this opportunity to thank and to congratulate the whole team on the work accomplished
(Jeanine Pommier, ECDC)

ECDC publishes revised Field Epidemiology Competencies. 

ECDC publishes revised Field Epidemiology Competencies. 

Pandemic? Vaccines are not enough

The COVID19 pandemic is still with us after 22 months. And globally, there is no sign of stopping. The World Health Organization provides expert guidance to all countries on the best-known response to this public health threat. Still, we see large variations in national approaches. In The Netherlands, for example, the government has put most emphasis on vaccination, while releasing most of the non-pharmacological interventions that were in place to keep the virus transmission in check. Even when the baseline rate of infections was still high (over 2000 cases daily).

Unfortunately, soon after releasing these control measures, numbers started rising again in September, despite a vaccination coverage of 85% of the population over 12 years of age.

News Channel EenVandaag invited Arnold Bosman (Transmissible) to comment on the situation and the need for specific measures. The below fragment is in Dutch.

The key message is that vaccines are important, but will not be sufficient to control the pandemic alone. Additional control measures will always be needed. The challenge is to find the right mix of baseline measures, that will allow society to remain open at most levels. The key is to adopt a strategy of containment. This would be the biggest step forward for The Netherlands, where the government still maintains a mitigation strategy, allowing significant virus circulation up to levels that are just under the healthcare capacity threshold. As the World Health Organization and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control have stated regularly: mitigation strategies are not advisable, as the risk of uncontrollable outbreaks, that require stringent lockdown measures, is very high.

URGE - but still, they come....

Gameplay in progress at NSPOH

We designed the learning game URGE with Grumpy Owl Games as a multidisciplinary public health challenge in three rounds. The game is produced and distributed by Pandemos - the public health gaming company. URGE forces specialists out of their professional silos to team up against the greatest challenge of their careers. The team must race against time and develop scenarios to protect the population. For this, they must come out of their comfort zone and start making decisions as a team.

The Netherlands School of Public Health (NSPOH) commissioned Pandemos to create this game as part of their curriculum.

We tried out the game on July 14, 2021, to test the first reactions at the school for public health. This helped us to finalise the game and launch it on September 2 at the NSPOH.

EPIET Anniversary Interviews

Happy Schuman Day !

On the 9th of May 2018, we celebrate the European Union. On this day, it was 68 years ago that Robert Schuman, the Luxembourg-borne French foreign minister presented a declaration that would become one of the foundations of the European Union. Together with Jean Monnet, he would draw up the Schuman-Plan for a United Europe with lasting peace.

In 1950, the nations of Europe were still struggling to overcome the devastation wrought by World War II, which had ended 5 years earlier. Determined to prevent another such terrible war, European governments concluded that pooling coal and steel production would – in the words of the Declaration – make war between historic rivals France and Germany "not merely unthinkable, but materially impossible".

The ECSC

It was thought – correctly – that merging of economic interests would help raise standards of living and be the first step towards a more united Europe.  The European Coal and Steel Community (founding members: France, West Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) was the first of a series of supranational European institutions that would ultimately become today's "European Union". Membership of the ECSC was open to other countries.

The contribution which an organized and living Europe can bring to civilization is indispensable to the maintenance of peaceful relations. In taking upon herself for more than 20 years the role of champion of a united Europe, France has always had as her essential aim the service of peace.

 

A day to remember: Pierre-Simon de Laplace

Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was an influential French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy. He summarized and extended the work of his predecessors in his five-volume Mécanique Céleste (Celestial Mechanics) (1799–1825). This work translated the geometric study of classical mechanics to one based on calculus, opening up a broader range of problems. In statistics, the Bayesian interpretation of probability was developed mainly by Laplace.

 

Laplace is remembered as one of the greatest scientists of all time. Sometimes referred to as the French Newton or Newton of France, he has been described as possessing a phenomenal natural mathematical faculty superior to that of any of his contemporaries.

 

In 1812, Laplace issued his Théorie analytique des probabilités in which he laid down many fundamental results in statistics. The first half of this treatise was concerned with probability methods and problems, the second half with statistical methods and applications. Laplace's proofs are not always rigorous according to the standards of a later day, and his perspective slides back and forth between the Bayesian and non-Bayesian views with an ease that makes some of his investigations difficult to follow, but his conclusions remain basically sound even in those few situations where his analysis goes astray. In 1819, he published a popular account of his work on probability.[1]

 

The theory of probability, in essence, is nothing more than common sense, reduced to a calculation.

 

Pierre Laplace realized that certain error was inherent in all calculations. Instead of ignoring the error, he chose to quantify it, and the field of statistics was born. He even demonstrated that there was a mathematical distribution to the likelihood of error observed in given experiments. His student, Karl Peason, then took Laplace one step further and showed that not only there is a probability to the likelihood of error, but even our own measurements are probabilities. Pearson's revolutionary work laid the basis for modern statistics. After that, the early twentieth century geneticist Ronald Fisher introduced randomization and p-values, followed by A.Bradford-Hill, who applied there concepts to medical illnesses and founded clinical epidemiology.[2]

 

Laplace died in Paris in 1827. His brain was removed by his physician, François Magendie, and kept for many years, eventually being displayed in a roving anatomical museum in Britain. It was reportedly smaller than the average brain. Laplace was buried at Père Lachaise in Paris but in 1888 his remains were moved to Saint Julien de Mailloc in the canton of Orbec and reinterred on the family estate. [1]

 

References:

  1. Pierre-Simon Laplace, in Wikipedia, accessed on 22 March 2017.
  2. A Clinician's Guide to Statistics and Epidemiology in Mental Health. By S. Nassir Ghaemi

A day to remember: Kiyoshi Shiga

Kiyoshi Shiga

Kiyoshi Shiga (February 7, 1871 – January 25, 1957) was a Japanese physician and bacteriologist.

Shiga was born in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, though his original family name was Satō. He graduated from the Medical School of Tokyo Imperial University in 1896 and went to work at the Institute for the Study of Infectious Diseases under Dr. Kitasato Shibasaburō. Shiga became famous for the discovery of Shigella dysenteriae, the bacillus causing dysentery, in 1897, during a severe epidemic in which more than 90,000 cases were reported, with a mortality rate approaching 30%.[1] The bacterium Shigella was thus named after him, as well as the shiga toxin, which is produced by the bacterium.

When attending the trecentenary celebration at Harvard [2], 1936, he opened his speech with:

Many thousands still suffer from this disease every year, and the light of hope that once burned so brightly has faded as a dream of a summer night. This sacred fire must not burn out

After the discovery of Shigella, Shiga worked with Paul Ehrlich in Germany from 1901 to 1905. After returning to Japan, he resumed the study of infectious diseases with Dr. Kitasato. He became a professor at Keio University in 1920.

From 1929 to 1931, Shiga was the president of Keijō Imperial University in Keijo (Seoul) and was senior medical advisor to the Japanese Governor-General of Korea. Shiga was a recipient of the Order of Culture in 1944. He was also awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 1st class, on his death in 1957.

Shigellosis

The causative agent of human shigellosis, Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals. It is only naturally found in humans and gorillas. During infection, it typically causes dysentery.

Shigella is one of the leading bacterial causes of diarrhea worldwide, causing an estimated 80-165 million cases. The number of deaths it causes each year is estimated at between 74,000 and 600,000 deaths. It is in the top four pathogens that cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea in African and South Asian children.

References

  1. Kiyoshi Shiga on Wikipedia. Accessed on 6 February 2017. 
  2. Rofa AF, Ueno-Olsen H, Oiwa R, Yoshikawa M (1999), "Dr. Kiyoshi Shiga: discoverer of the dysentery bacillus", Clinical Infectious Diseases, 29 (5): 1303–1306, doi:10.1086/313437
  3. Shigellosis on Wikipedia. Accessed on 6 February 2017
Click to access the login or register cheese